//PID算法温控C语言#include<reg51.h> #include<intrins.h> #include<math.h> #include<string.h> struct PID { unsigned int SetPoint; // 设定目的 Desired Value unsigned int Proportion; // 比例常数 Proportional Const unsigned int Integral; // 积分常数 Integral Const unsigned int Derivative; // 微分常数 Derivative Const unsigned int LastError; // Error[-1] unsigned int PrevError; // Error[-2] unsigned int SumError; // Sums of Errors }; struct PID spid; // PID Control Structure unsigned int rout; // PID Response (Output) unsigned int rin; // PID Feedback (Input) sbit data1=P1^0; sbit clk=P1^1; sbit plus=P2^0; sbit subs=P2^1; sbit stop=P2^2; sbit output=P3^4; sbit DQ=P3^3; unsigned char flag,flag_1=0; unsigned char high_time,low_time,count=0;//占空比调治参数 unsigned char set_temper=35; unsigned char temper; unsigned char i; unsigned char j=0; unsigned int s; /*********************************************************** 延时子程序,延时时间以12M晶振为准,延时时间为30us×time ***********************************************************/ void delay(unsigned char time) { unsigned char m,n; for(n=0;n<time;n++) for(m=0;m<2;m++){} } /*********************************************************** 写一位数据子程序 ***********************************************************/ void write_bit(unsigned char bitval) { EA=0; DQ=0; /*拉低DQ以最先一个写时序*/ if(bitval==1) { _nop_(); DQ=1; /*如要写1，则将总线置高*/ } delay(5); /*延时90us供DA18B20采样*/ DQ=1; /*释放DQ总线*/ _nop_(); _nop_(); EA=1; } /*********************************************************** 写一字节数据子程序 ***********************************************************/ void write_byte(unsigned char val) { unsigned char i; unsigned char temp; EA=0; /*关中止*/TR0=0; for(i=0;i<8;i++) /*写一字节数据，一次写一位*/ { temp=val>>i; /*移位操作，将本次要写的位移到最低位*/ temp=temp&1; write_bit(temp); /*向总线写该位*/ } delay(7); /*延时120us后*/ // TR0=1; EA=1; /*开中止*/} /*********************************************************** 读一位数据子程序 ***********************************************************/ unsigned char read_bit() { unsigned char i,value_bit; EA=0; DQ=0; /*拉低DQ，最先读时序*/ _nop_(); _nop_(); DQ=1; /*释放总线*/ for(i=0;i<2;i++){} value_bit=DQ; EA=1; return(value_bit); } /*********************************************************** 读一字节数据子程序 ***********************************************************/ unsigned char read_byte() { unsigned char i,value=0; EA=0; for(i=0;i<8;i++) { if(read_bit()) /*读一字节数据，一个时序中读一次，并作移位处置*/ value|=0x01<<i; delay(4); /*延时80us以完成此次都时序，之后再读下一数据*/ } EA=1; return(value); } /*********************************************************** 复位子程序 ***********************************************************/ unsigned char reset() { unsigned char presence; EA=0; DQ=0; /*拉低DQ总线最先复位*/ delay(30); /*保持低电平480us*/ DQ=1; /*释放总线*/ delay(3); presence=DQ; /*获取应答信号*/ delay(28); /*延时以完成整个时序*/ EA=1; return(presence); /*返回应答信号，有芯片应答返回0,无芯片则返回1*/ } /*********************************************************** 获取温度子程序 ***********************************************************/ void get_temper() { unsigned char i,j; do { i=reset(); /*复位*/ }while(i!=0); /*1为无反馈信号*/ i=0xcc; /*发送装备定位下令*/ write_byte(i); i=0x44; /*发送最先转换下令*/ write_byte(i); delay(180); /*延时*/ do { i=reset(); /*复位*/ }while(i!=0); i=0xcc; /*装备定位*/ write_byte(i); i=0xbe; /*读出缓冲区内容*/ write_byte(i); j=read_byte(); i=read_byte(); i=(i<<4)&0x7f; s=(unsigned int)(j&0x0f); s=(s*100)/16; j=j>>4; temper=i|j; /*获取的温度放在temper中*/ } /*==================================================================================================== Initialize PID Structure =====================================================================================================*/ void PIDInit (struct PID *pp) { memset ( pp,0,sizeof(struct PID)); } /*==================================================================================================== PID盘算部门 =====================================================================================================*/ unsigned int PIDCalc( struct PID *pp, unsigned int NextPoint ) { unsigned int dError,Error; Error = pp->SetPoint – NextPoint; // 误差 pp->SumError += Error; // 积分 dError = pp->LastError – pp->PrevError; // 当前微分 pp->PrevError = pp->LastError; pp->LastError = Error; return (pp->Proportion * Error//比例+ pp->Integral * pp->SumError //积分项+ pp->Derivative * dError); // 微分项 } /*********************************************************** 温度对照处置子程序 ***********************************************************/ compare_temper() { unsigned char i; if(set_temper>temper) { if(set_temper-temper>1) { high_time=100; low_time=0; } else { for(i=0;i<10;i++) { get_temper(); rin = s; // Read Input rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation } if (high_time<=100) high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/800); else high_time=100; low_time= (100-high_time); } } else if(set_temper<=temper) { if(temper-set_temper>0) { high_time=0; low_time=100; } else { for(i=0;i<10;i++) { get_temper(); rin = s; // Read Input rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation } if (high_time<100) high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/10000); else high_time=0; low_time= (100-high_time); } } // else // {} } /***************************************************** T0中止服务子程序，用于控制电平的翻转 ,40us*100=4ms周期 ******************************************************/ void serve_T0() interrupt 1 using 1 { if(++count<=(high_time)) output=1; else if(count<=100) { output=0; } else count=0; TH0=0x2f; TL0=0xe0; } /***************************************************** 串行口中止服务程序，用于上位机通讯 ******************************************************/ void serve_sio() interrupt 4 using 2 { /* EA=0; RI=0; i=SBUF; if(i==2) { while(RI==0){} RI=0; set_temper=SBUF; SBUF=0x02; while(TI==0){} TI=0; } else if(i==3) { TI=0; SBUF=temper; while(TI==0){} TI=0; } EA=1; */ } void disp_1(unsigned char disp_num1[6]) { unsigned char n,a,m; for(n=0;n<6;n++) { // k=disp_num1[n]; for(a=0;a<8;a++) { clk=0; m=(disp_num1[n]&1); disp_num1[n]=disp_num1[n]>>1; if(m==1) data1=1; else data1=0; _nop_(); clk=1; _nop_(); } } } /***************************************************** 显示子程序 功效：将占空比温度转化为单个字符，显示占空比和测获得的温度 ******************************************************/ void display() { unsigned char code number[]={0xfc,0x60,0xda,0xf2,0x66,0xb6,0xbe,0xe0,0xfe,0xf6}; unsigned char disp_num[6]; unsigned int k,k1; k=high_time; k=k%1000; k1=k/100; if(k1==0) disp_num[0]=0; else disp_num[0]=0x60; k=k%100; disp_num[1]=number[k/10]; disp_num[2]=number[k%10]; k=temper; k=k%100; disp_num[3]=number[k/10]; disp_num[4]=number[k%10]+1; disp_num[5]=number[s/10]; disp_1(disp_num); } /*********************************************************** 主程序 ***********************************************************/ main() { unsigned char z; unsigned char a,b,flag_2=1,count1=0; unsigned char phil[]={2,0xce,0x6e,0x60,0x1c,2}; TMOD=0x21; TH0=0x2f; TL0=0x40; SCON=0x50; PCON=0x00; TH1=0xfd; TL1=0xfd; PS=1; EA=1; EX1=0; ET0=1; ES=1; TR0=1; TR1=1; high_time=50; low_time=50; PIDInit ( &spid ); // Initialize Structure spid.Proportion = 10; // Set PID Coefficients spid.Integral = 8; spid.Derivative =6; spid.SetPoint = 100; // Set PID Setpoint while(1) { if(plus==0) { EA=0; for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;b<102;b++){} if(plus==0) { set_temper++; flag=0; } } else if(subs==0) { for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;a<102;b++){} if(subs==0) { set_temper–; flag=0; } } else if(stop==0) { for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;b<102;b++){} if(stop==0) { flag=0; break; } EA=1; } get_temper(); b=temper; if(flag_2==1) a=b; if((abs(a-b))>5) temper=a; else temper=b; a=temper; flag_2=0; if(++count1>30) { display(); count1=0; } compare_temper(); } TR0=0; z=1; while(1) { EA=0; if(stop==0) { for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;b<102;b++){} if(stop==0) disp_1(phil); // break; } EA=1; } } //DS18b20 子程序#include <REG52.H>sbit DQ=P2^1; //界说端口typedef unsigned char byte;typedef unsigned int word; //延时void delay(word useconds){ for(;useconds>0;useconds–);} //复位byte ow_reset(void){ byte presence; DQ=0; //DQ低电平 delay(29); //480us DQ=1; //DQ高电平 delay(3); //守候 presence=DQ; //presence信号 delay(25); return(presence);} //0允许，1阻止 //从1-wire 总线上读取一个字节byte read_byte(viod){ byte i; byte value=0; for (i=8;i>0;i–) { value>>=1; DQ=0; DQ=1; delay(1); if(DQ)value|=0x80; delay(6); } return(value);} //向1-wire总线上写一个字节void write_byte(char val){ byte i; for (i=8;i>0;i–) //一次写一个字节 { DQ=0; DQ=val&0x01; delay(5); DQ=1; val=val/2; } delay(5); } //读取温度char Read_Temperature(void){ union{ byte c[2]; int x; }temp; ow_reset(); write_byte(0xcc); write_byte(0xBE); temp.c[1]=read_byte(); temp.c[0]=read_byte(); ow_reset(); write_byte(0xCC); write_byte(0x44); return temp.x/2;}
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#include<reg51.h>#include<intrins.h>#include<math.h>#include<string.h>struct PID {unsigned int SetPoint; // 设定目的 Desired Valueunsigned int Proportion; // 比例常数 Proportional Constunsigned int Integral; // 积分常数 Integral Constunsigned int Derivative; // 微分常数 Derivative Constunsigned int LastError; // Error[-1]unsigned int PrevError; // Error[-2]unsigned int SumError; // Sums of Errors};struct PID spid; // PID Control Structureunsigned int rout; // PID Response (Output)unsigned int rin; // PID Feedback (Input)sbit data1=P1^0;sbit clk=P1^1;sbit plus=P2^0;sbit subs=P2^1;sbit stop=P2^2;sbit output=P3^4;sbit DQ=P3^3;unsigned char flag,flag_1=0;unsigned char high_time,low_time,count=0;//占空比调治参数unsigned char set_temper=35; unsigned char temper; unsigned char i;unsigned char j=0;unsigned int s;/***********************************************************延时子程序,延时时间以12M晶振为准,延时时间为30us×time***********************************************************/void delay(unsigned char time) { unsigned char m,n; for(n=0;n<time;n++) for(m=0;m<2;m++){} }/***********************************************************写一位数据子程序***********************************************************/void write_bit(unsigned char bitval) { EA=0; DQ=0; /*拉低DQ以最先一个写时序*/ if(bitval==1) { _nop_(); DQ=1; /*如要写1，则将总线置高*/ } delay(5); /*延时90us供DA18B20采样*/ DQ=1; /*释放DQ总线*/ _nop_(); _nop_(); EA=1; }/***********************************************************写一字节数据子程序***********************************************************/void write_byte(unsigned char val) { unsigned char i; unsigned char temp; EA=0; TR0=0; for(i=0;i<8;i++) /*写一字节数据，一次写一位*/ { temp=val>>i; /*移位操作，将本次要写的位移到最低位*/ temp=temp&1; write_bit(temp); /*向总线写该位*/ } delay(7); /*延时120us后*/ // TR0=1; EA=1; }/***********************************************************读一位数据子程序***********************************************************/unsigned char read_bit() { unsigned char i,value_bit; EA=0; DQ=0; /*拉低DQ，最先读时序*/ _nop_(); _nop_(); DQ=1; /*释放总线*/ for(i=0;i<2;i++){} value_bit=DQ; EA=1; return(value_bit); }/***********************************************************读一字节数据子程序***********************************************************/unsigned char read_byte() { unsigned char i,value=0; EA=0; for(i=0;i<8;i++) { if(read_bit()) /*读一字节数据，一个时序中读一次，并作移位处置*/ value|=0x01<<i; delay(4); /*延时80us以完成此次都时序，之后再读下一数据*/ } EA=1; return(value); }/***********************************************************复位子程序***********************************************************/unsigned char reset() { unsigned char presence; EA=0; DQ=0; /*拉低DQ总线最先复位*/ delay(30); /*保持低电平480us*/ DQ=1; /*释放总线*/ delay(3); presence=DQ; /*获取应答信号*/ delay(28); /*延时以完成整个时序*/ EA=1; return(presence); /*返回应答信号，有芯片应答返回0,无芯片则返回1*/ }/***********************************************************获取温度子程序***********************************************************/void get_temper() { unsigned char i,j; do { i=reset(); /*复位*/ }while(i!=0); /*1为无反馈信号*/ i=0xcc; /*发送装备定位下令*/ write_byte(i); i=0x44; /*发送最先转换下令*/ write_byte(i); delay(180); /*延时*/ do { i=reset(); /*复位*/ }while(i!=0); i=0xcc; /*装备定位*/ write_byte(i); i=0xbe; /*读出缓冲区内容*/ write_byte(i); j=read_byte(); i=read_byte(); i=(i<<4)&0x7f; s=(unsigned int)(j&0x0f); s=(s*100)/16; j=j>>4; temper=i|j; /*获取的温度放在temper中*/ }/*====================================================================================================Initialize PID Structure=====================================================================================================*/void PIDInit (struct PID *pp){ memset ( pp,0,sizeof(struct PID));}/*====================================================================================================PID盘算部门=====================================================================================================*/unsigned int PIDCalc( struct PID *pp, unsigned int NextPoint ){unsigned int dError,Error;Error = pp->SetPoint – NextPoint; // 误差pp->SumError += Error; // 积分dError = pp->LastError – pp->PrevError; // 当前微分pp->PrevError = pp->LastError;pp->LastError = Error;return (pp->Proportion * Error // 比例项+ pp->Integral * pp->SumEror // 积分项+ pp->Derivative * dError); // 微分项}/***********************************************************温度对照处置子程序***********************************************************/compare_temper(){ unsigned char i; if(set_temper>temper) { if(set_temper-temper>1) { high_time=100; low_time=0; } else { for(i=0;i<10;i++) { get_temper(); rin = s; // Read Input rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation } if (high_time<=100) high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/800); else high_time=100; low_time= (100-high_time); } } else if(set_temper<=temper) { if(temper-set_temper>0) { high_time=0; low_time=100; } else { for(i=0;i<10;i++) { get_temper(); rin = s; // Read Input rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation } if (high_time<100) high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/10000); else high_time=0; low_time= (100-high_time); } } // else // {} }/*****************************************************T0中止服务子程序，用于控制电平的翻转 ,40us*100=4ms周期******************************************************/void serve_T0() interrupt 1 using 1 { if(++count<=(high_time)) output=1; else if(count<=100) { output=0; } else count=0; TH0=0x2f; TL0=0xe0; }/*****************************************************串行口中止服务程序，用于上位机通讯******************************************************/void serve_sio() interrupt 4 using 2 {/* EA=0; RI=0; i=SBUF; if(i==2) { while(RI==0){} RI=0; set_temper=SBUF; SBUF=0x02; while(TI==0){} TI=0; } else if(i==3) { TI=0; SBUF=temper; while(TI==0){} TI=0; } EA=1; */ }void disp_1(unsigned char disp_num1[6]){ unsigned char n,a,m; for(n=0;n<6;n++) { // k=disp_num1[n]; for(a=0;a<8;a++) { clk=0; m=(disp_num1[n]&1); disp_num1[n]=disp_num1[n]>>1; if(m==1) data1=1; else data1=0; _nop_(); clk=1; _nop_(); } } }/*****************************************************显示子程序功效：将占空比温度转化为单个字符，显示占空比和测获得的温度******************************************************/void display(){ unsigned char code number[]={0xfc,0x60,0xda,0xf2,0x66,0xb6,0xbe,0xe0,0xfe,0xf6}; unsigned char disp_num[6]; unsigned int k,k1; k=high_time; k=k%1000; k1=k/100; if(k1==0) disp_num[0]=0; else disp_num[0]=0x60; k=k%100; disp_num[1]=number[k/10]; disp_num[2]=number[k%10]; k=temper; k=k%100; disp_num[3]=number[k/10]; disp_num[4]=number[k%10]+1; disp_num[5]=number[s/10]; disp_1(disp_num); }/***********************************************************主程序***********************************************************/ main() { unsigned char z; unsigned char a,b,flag_2=1,count1=0; unsigned char phil[]={2,0xce,0x6e,0x60,0x1c,2};; TMOD=0x21; TH0=0x2f; TL0=0x40; SCON=0x50; PCON=0x00; TH1=0xfd; TL1=0xfd; PS=1; EA=1; EX1=0; ET0=1; ES=1; TR0=1; TR1=1; high_time=50; low_time=50; PIDInit ( &spid ); // Initialize Structure spid.Proportion = 10; // Set PID Coefficients spid.Integral = 8; spid.Derivative =6; spid.SetPoint = 100; // Set PID Setpoint while(1) { if(plus==0) { EA=0; for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;b<102;b++){} if(plus==0) { set_temper++; flag=0; } } else if(subs==0) { for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;a<102;b++){} if(subs==0) { set_temper–; flag=0; } } else if(stop==0) { for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;b<102;b++){} if(stop==0) { flag=0; break; } EA=1; } get_temper(); b=temper; if(flag_2==1) a=b; if((abs(a-b))>5) temper=a; else temper=b; a=temper; flag_2=0; if(++count1>30) { display(); count1=0; } compare_temper(); } TR0=0; z=1; while(1) { EA=0; if(stop==0) { for(a=0;a<5;a++) for(b=0;b<102;b++){} if(stop==0) disp_1(phil); // break; } EA=1; } }
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